A cigar is a roll of dried and fermented tobacco leaves made for smoked. They are produced in various sizes and shapes. Since the 20th century, almost all cigars have three different components: filler, leaf binder that holds the filler together, and the leaf wrapping, (which is often the best leaf used). Often a cigar will have a band printed with a cigar manufacturer's logo. These days many cigars come with 2 bands, especially Cuban Cigar bands, featuring the band Limited Edition (Edicion Limitada), with this year.
Cigar tobacco grows in large numbers especially in Central America and the Caribbean islands, including Cuba, Dominican Republic, Haiti, Honduras, Mexico, Ecuador, Nicaragua, Guatemala, Panama and Puerto Rico; It is also produced in the Eastern United States, Mediterranean countries in Italy and Spain (in the Canary Islands), and in Indonesia and the Philippines in Southeast Asia.
The origin of the cigar is still unknown. A Guatemalan pottery pot that dates from the 10th century features Mayan tobacco leaves tied with ropes.
Common cigar smoking is known to carry serious health risks including an increased risk of various cancers and cardiovascular diseases.
Video Cigar
Etimologi
The word cigars originally comes from Maya sikar ("to suck the rolled tobacco leaves" - from si'c , "tobacco"). The Spanish word, "cigarro" covers the gap between Maya and modern use. The English word came into common use in 1730.
Maps Cigar
History
Christopher Columbus explorers are generally credited with the introduction of tobacco to Europe. Three of Columbus's crew members during the 1492 trip, Rodrigo de Jerez, Hector Fuentes and Luis de Torres, are said to have found tobacco for the first time on the island of Hispaniola, in what is now Haiti and the Dominican Republic, when indigenous people presented them with dried leaves spreading strange smell. Tobacco is widespread among all islands in the Caribbean and is therefore also found in Cuba where Columbus and its people have settled. His sailors reported that TaÃÆ'nos on the island of Cuba smoked a primitive form of a cigar, with dried twisted tobacco leaves rolling over on other leaves such as palm or plantain.
In time, other Spanish and European sailors adopted the habit of smoking rolls, as did the Conquistadors, and smoked primitive cigars spread to Spain and Portugal and finally France, most likely through Jean Nicot, the French ambassador to Portugal, who gave the name to nicotine. Then, the use of tobacco spread to Italy and, after Sir Walter Raleigh's trip to America, to England. Smoking became familiar throughout Europe - in the pipeline in England - in the mid-16th century. In 1542, tobacco began to be grown commercially in North America, when the Spaniards established the first cigar factory on the island of Cuba. Tobacco was originally thought to have medicinal qualities, but there are some who consider it evil. It was criticized by Philip II of Spain and James I of England.
Around 1592, the Spanish warship of San Clemente brought 50 kilograms (110 pounds) of tobacco seeds to the Philippines through the Acapulco-Manila trading route. It is distributed among Roman Catholic missionaries, who find the excellent climate and soil to grow high-quality tobacco there. The use of cigars did not begin to popularize until the middle of the eighteenth century, and although there are not many images of this era, there are several reports.
In the 19th century, smoking cigars was common, while cigarettes were still rare. At the beginning of the 20th century, Rudyard Kipling wrote his famous smoking poem, "The Betrothed."
The cigar business is an important industry and the factories employ many people before cigar manufacturing is mechanically practical. Cigar workers in Cuba and the United States were active in labor strikes and disputes from the early nineteenth century, and the rise of the modern unions could be traced to the CMIU and other cigar unions.
In 1869, Spanish cigar manufacturer Vicente Martinez Ybor transferred Principe de Gales (Prince Wales) operations from the Cuban center of Cuba's key Havana center to Key West, Florida to avoid the Ten Year turmoil. 'War. Other producers followed, and Key West became another important cigar manufacturing center. In 1885, Ybor moved again, bought land near a small town in Tampa, Florida and built the world's largest cigar factory at the time in the new company town of Ybor City. Friendly rivals and owners of Flor de SÃÆ'¡nchez y Haya Ignacio Haya built his own factory nearby that same year, and many other cigar manufacturers soon followed, especially after the devastating 1886 fires of Key West. Thousands of Cubans and Spaniards tabaqueros came to the area from Key West, Cuba and New York to produce hundreds of millions of cigars each year. Local production peaked in 1929, when workers in Ybor City and West Tampa shed more than 500,000,000 "clean Havana" cigars, making this city the nickname "World Cigar Capital".
In New York, cigars are made by rollers who work in their own homes. It was reported that in 1883, cigars were being produced in 127 apartment houses in New York, employing 1,962 families and 7,924 people. The state law prohibits the practice, endorsed at the end of the year at the urging of unions on the grounds that practices that suppress wages, were decided unconstitutional less than four months later. The industry, which has moved to Brooklyn and other places on Long Island while the law is in force, then returns to New York.
In 1905, there were 80,000 cigar-making operations in the United States, mostly small family-operated stores where cigars were rolled up and sold immediately. While most cigars are now made by machines, some, as a matter of prestige and quality, are still rolled by hand --- especially in Central America and Cuba, as well as in small towns of chinchales in big cities. in the United States. Hand-rolled cigar boxes bear the expression totalmente a mano (really by hand) or hecho a mano (made by hand). This premium-rolled cigar is very different from the machine-made cigars sold in packs at drugstores and gas stations. Since the 1990s there has been a great dispute between producers and fans of premium handmade cigars and cigarette manufacturing companies that created machine-made cigars.
Producing
The tobacco leaves are harvested and old using a preserving process that combines heat and shade to reduce sugar and water levels without causing larger leaves to decay. This takes between 25 and 45 days, depending on climatic conditions and the nature of the warehouse or granary used to store harvested tobacco. Curing varies based on the type of tobacco and the desired leaf color. Slow fermentation occurs, where temperature and humidity are controlled to improve aroma, aroma, and combustion characteristics while preventing decay or disintegration.
The leaves will continue to be copied, examined, released again, checked again, and released again during the aging cycle. When it is ripe for the manufacturer's specifications it is sorted for overall appearance and quality and used as an appropriate filler or wrapper. During this process, the leaves continue to be moistened to prevent damage.
Quality cigars are still handmade. Experienced cigar rollers can produce hundreds of very good cigars, almost identical per day. The roll keeps the tobacco moist - especially the wrapper - and uses a specially designed sickle blade, called chavetas , to form filler and leaf wrap quickly and accurately. Once rolled, the cigar is kept in the form of wood when it is dry, where the uncovered ends are cut into uniform sizes. From this stage, the cigar is a complete product that can be "put" and decades old if kept as close to 21Ã, Â ° C (70Ã, Â ° F), and 70% relative humidity. Once purchased, proper storage is usually in a special wooden humidor.
Some cigars, especially premium brands, use different types of tobacco for fillers and wrappers. Long fill cigars are much higher quality cigars, using long leaves throughout. This cigar also uses a third tobacco leaf variety, called "binder", between the filler and the outer wrapper. This allows the makers to use softer and more attractive leaves as wrappers. This high-quality cigar almost always combines different types of tobacco. Even a long Cuban cigar will combine tobacco from different parts of the island to combine several different flavors.
In the low grade and machine-made cigars , chopped tobacco leaves are used for fillers, and long leaves or "paper" types made from tobacco pulp are used for wrappings. They changed the firing characteristics of cigar vis-a-vis cigars.
Historically, a lector or a reader was always employed to entertain the tobacco factory workers. This practice became obsolete after audiobooks for portable music players became available, but still practiced in some Cuban plants. The brand name of the Montecristo cigars may emerge from this practice.
Dominant Manufacturer
Two companies dominate the cigar industry. Altadis produces cigars in the United States, the Dominican Republic, and Honduras, and owns a 50% stake in CorporaciÃÆ'³n Habanos in Cuba. It also makes cigarettes. The Scandinavian Tobacco Group produces cigars in the Dominican Republic, Honduras, Nicaragua, Indonesia, the Netherlands, Belgium, Denmark and the United States; it also makes tobacco pipes and tobacco cut fine. The Group includes General Cigar Co.
Family in the cigar industry
Almost all modern premium cigar makers are long-standing family members of cigars, or supposedly. The art and skill of making premium cigars has been passed down from generation to generation; families are often featured in many advertisements and packs of cigars.
In 1992, Cigar Aficionado magazine created the "Cigar Hall of Fame" and recognized the following six individuals:
- The Leon family, La Aurora, Santiago de los Caballeros, Dominican Republic (The oldest family and world's first cigar company in 1903)
- Edgar M. Cullman, Chairman, General Cigar Company, New York, United States
- Zino Davidoff, Founder, Davidoff et Cie., Geneva, Switzerland
- Carlos Fuente, Sr., Chairman, Tabacalera A. Fuente y Cia., Santiago de los Caballeros, Dominican Republic
- Frank Llaneza, Chairman, Villazon & amp; Co., Tampa, Florida, United States
- Stanford J. Newman, Chairman, J.C. Newman Cigar Company, Tampa, Florida, United States
- ÃÆ' ngel Oliva, Sr (founder); Oliva Tobacco Co., Tampa, Florida, United States
Other families in the cigar industry (2015)
- Manuel Quesada (Current FEASIBLE CEO) Fonseca, Casa Magna, Quesada cigars, Dominican Republic
- Don JosÃÆ'Â © "PepÃÆ'n" Garcia, Chairman, El Rey de Los Habanos, Miami, Florida, United States
- Aray's family - Daniel Aray Jr., Founder Grandson (1952) Jose Aray, ACC cigars, Guayaquil Ecuador, San Francisco, CA, Miami Florida, Macau SAR, Shanghai China.
- EPC - Ernesto Perez-Carillo, Founder of EPC Cigar Company (2009), Miami, Florida, United States
- Nestor Miranda - Founder, Miami Cigar Company (1989) Miami, FL, United States
- Hermann Dietrich Creator Upmann of the H.Upmann brand of 1844 in Cuba
Marketing and distribution
Pure tobacco, hand-rolled cigars are marketed through advertising, product placements in films and other media, sporting events, cigarette-friendly magazines like Cigar Aficionado, and cigar dinners. Because handmade cigars are a premium product at a sizable price, advertisements often include depictions of affluence, sensual imagery, and explicit or implied celebrity endorsements.
Cigar Aficionado, launched in 1992, presents cigars as a symbol of a successful lifestyle, and is the main channel of advertising that does not comply with the voluntary advertising restrictions of the tobacco industry since 1965, such as the limitation of not associating cigarettes with glamor. The magazine also presents a pro-smoking argument at length, and argues that cigars are safer than cigarettes, since they do not have thousands of additional chemicals produced by cigarettes adding to pieces of tobacco pieces used as cigarette fillers. This publication also presents the argument that risk is a part of everyday life and that (contrary to the evidence discussed in the Health Effect ) smoking cigars have health benefits, moderation which eliminates most or all of the health risks, and that smoker cigars live to old age, health research is flawed, and some health research results support security claims. Like the Smoke competitor, Cigar Aficionado is different from the marketing vehicles used for other tobacco products because it makes the cigar the focus of the entire magazine, creating a symbiosis between product and lifestyle.
In the US, cigars have historically been excluded from the many marketing regulations governing cigarettes. For example, the 1970s Public Cigarette Smoking Act excludes cigars from advertising bans, and cigar advertisements, unlike cigarette advertisements, need not mention health risks. In 2007, cigars were taxed far less than cigarettes, so much so that in many US states, a small cigar pack costs less than half as much as a pack of cigarettes. It is illegal for minors to buy cigars and other tobacco products in the US, but the law is imposed unevenly: a 2000 study found that three quarters of cigar websites allow minors to buy them.
In 2009, the US Family Prevention Smoking and Tobacco Control Act provided by the Food and Drug Administration (the regulatory agency for the manufacturing, distribution and marketing of cigarettes, your own tobacco and smokeless tobacco In 2016, extended FDA authorities for additional tobacco products including cigars. The goal of this action is to reduce the impact of tobacco on public health by preventing Americans from using tobacco products, encouraging current users to quit, and reducing the dangers of tobacco product use.
Cheap and non-pure cigars are sold at department stores, gas stations, grocery stores and pharmacies, mostly as self-service items. Premium cigars are sold in tobacconists, cigar bars, and other specialty companies. Some cigar stores are part of the chain, which has varying sizes: in the US, the United Cigar Shop is one of only three outstanding examples of national chains in the early 1920s; the other is A & amp; P and Woolworth's. Non-traditional outlets for cigars include hotel stores, restaurants, vending machines and the Internet.
Composition
Cigars consist of three types of tobacco leaves, whose variations determine the characteristics of smoking and taste:
Wrapper
The outer layer of a cigar, or wrapping (Spanish: capa ), is the most expensive component of a cigar. This wrapping determines the many characters and aroma of the cigar, and therefore the color is often used to describe the cigar as a whole. Wrappers are often planted under a large canopy made of gauze thus spreading direct sunlight and fermented separately from other rough cigar components, with a view to leaf production, subtly smooth, smooth.
Wrapper tobacco is produced without a gauze canopy where the "shade grows" the leaves grow, generally more rough in texture and stronger in flavor, commonly known as "growing sun." A number of different countries are used for the production of packaged tobacco, including Cuba, Ecuador, Indonesia, Honduras, Nicaragua, Costa Rica, Brazil, Mexico, Cameroon, and the United States.
Although dozens of small wrapping colors have been praised by manufacturers, the seven most common classifications are as follows, from the lightest to the darkest:
Some manufacturers use alternative designation:
In general, dark wrapping adds a touch of sweetness, while a light one adds a bit of drought to the taste.
Binder
Under the wrap is a small group of "filler" leaves bound together in a leaf called "binder" (Spanish: capote ). The leaf binder is usually the saturated sun of leaves from the top of the tobacco plant and selected for its elasticity and durability in the rolling process. Unlike leaf wrappers, which should be uniform in appearance and smooth in texture, leaf binders may show evidence of physical defects or lack of uniform colors. The binding leaves are generally much thicker and stronger than the wrapping leaves that surround them. Filler
Most cigars are "fillers" - a group of tobacco leaves. The leaves are folded by hand to allow airways along the cigar, where smoke is picked up after the cigar is on. Cigars that are rolled up with inadequate air channels are called by smokers as "too tight"; one with excessive airflow creates burns that are too fast, the heat is considered as "too loose." Sufficient skill and dexterity on the part of the cigar roller is necessary to avoid these opposite traps - a major factor in the superiority of hand-rolled cigars over their machine-made counterparts.
By combining different types of tobacco fillers, cigar makers create strength, odor, and flavor profiles typical for a variety of branded products. In general, more fat cigars have more filler leaves, allowing greater potential for creating complex flavors. In addition to the variety of tobacco used, the country of origin can be one of the important flavor determinants, with different growing environments producing distinctive flavors.
The process of fermentation and aging adds to this variation, just as certain parts of the tobacco plant are harvested, with the lower leaves (Spanish: volado ) has a mild and flammable flavor, the middle leaf (Spanish: spo lang = "es" title = "subtitle"> seco ) has a slightly stronger flavor , with strong and spicy ligero leaves taken from the top of the plant exposed to the sun. When used, the ligero is always folded into the middle of the filler group due to its slow burning characteristics.
If the full leaf is used as a filler, the cigar is said to consist of a "long filler." Cigars are made from smaller leaf pieces, including many machine-made cigars, which are said to be made of "short fillers."
If a cigar is actually built (filler, binder, and wrapper) of tobacco produced in only one country, it is called in the cigar industry as "puro," from the Spanish word for "pure."
Size and shape
Cigars are usually categorized by their size and shape, which together are known as vitola .
The size of a cigar is measured by two dimensions: its ring gauge (diameter in sixty-fourths of an inch) and its length (in inches). In Cuba, next to Havana, there is the world's longest cigar roll exhibition.
Parejo
The most common form is parejo , sometimes referred to as simple "corona", which has traditionally been the benchmark for all other cigar formats measured. They have a cylindrical body, a straight side, an open end, and a round "round" tobacco leaf at the other end to be cut, having a V-shaped notch made with a special cutter or perforated before smoking.
Parejos is defined by the following conditions:
These dimensions are, at best, idealized. The actual dimensions can vary greatly.
Figurado
Irregularly shaped cigars are known as figurados and are often priced higher than similarly similar parejos from similar tobaccos combinations because they are more difficult to make.
Historically, especially during the 19th century, figurados were the most popular form, but in the 1930s they fell out of fashion and all but disappeared. They have, however, recently received a small popularity in popularity, and today many manufacturers produce figurados in addition to the simpler parejos . Cuaba brand cigars have only figurados within their reach.
Figurados include the following:
In practice, the term Torpedo and Pyramid are often used interchangeably, even among highly knowledgeable cigar smokers. Min Ron Nee, a Hong Kong-based cigar whose work is Inspired Encyclopedia of the Post-Chili Poison Revolution is generally regarded as the definitive work on cigars and cigar terms, defining Torpedo as a "cigar cigar". Nee considers most of the usage of a torpedo as a pyramid with another name acceptable.
Arturo Fuente, a major cigar manufacturer based in the Dominican Republic, has also produced exotic figurados ranging from chilli to baseball bats and American balls. They are highly collectible and very expensive, when available to the public.
Cigarillo
Cigarillo is a machine-made cigar that is shorter and narrower than a traditional cigar but larger than a small cigar, filtered cigar, and cigarette, making it similar in size and composition to a small cigar, a traditional cheroot, and a blunt. Cigarillos are usually not filtered, although some have plastic or wooden tips, and unlike other cigars, some are inhaled when in use. Cigarillos are sold in varying quantities: singles, two packs, three packs, and five packs. Cigarillos is very cheap: in the United States, it's usually sold for less than a dollar. Sometimes they are informally called small cigars , mini cigars , or club cigars . Some famous cigar brands, such as Cohiba or Davidoff, also make cigarillos --- Cohiba Mini and Davidoff Club Cigarillos, for example. And there are pure cigarillo brands, such as CafÃÆ' © CrÃÆ'¨me, Dannemann Moods, Mehari's, Al Capone, and Swisher Sweets. Cigarillos are often used in making cannabis cigars.
Small cigars
Small cigars (sometimes called small cigars or miniature in the UK) are very different from ordinary cigars. They are lighter than cigars and cigars, but more importantly, they resemble cigarettes in size, shape, packaging, and filters. Small cigar sales increased fourfold in the US from 1971 to 1973 in response to the Cigarette Public Health Act, which prohibits cigarette advertisement advertisements and requires a stronger health warning on cigarette packs. Cigars are freed from the ban, and perhaps more importantly, taxed at a much lower rate. Small cigars are sometimes called "undercover cigarettes", and unsuccessful attempts have been made to reclassify them as cigarettes. In the United States, small cigar sales hit an all-time high in 2006, largely driven by favorable taxation. But in some states, small cigars have been successfully taxed at cigarette rates, such as Illinois, as well as several other states. This has led to another gap, where manufacturers classify their products as "filtered cigars" instead to avoid higher tax rates. However, many continue to argue that there is actually a difference between a small cigar and a filtered cigar. Small cigars offer the same results and overall cigarette nuance, but with old and fermented tobacco, while filtered cigars are said to be more closely related to traditional cigars, and are not meant to be inhaled. Research shows that people inhale smoke from small cigars.
Smoking
Most machine-made cigars have holes that have formed at one end or end of wood or plastic to draw in smoke. Hand-rolled cigars require blunt ends to be stabbed before lighting. Some smokers breathe smoke into the lungs, especially with small cigars. A smoker can rummage through the smoke around his mouth before disposing of it, and may breathe cigarette smoke through his nose to smell a better cigar and also to taste it.
Cut
Although a handful of cigars are cut or rotated at both ends, most come with one end of the piece straight and the other end covered with one or more small pieces of wrapper fitted with natural tobacco paste or with a mixture of flour and water. The cigar end of the lid should be cut or punctured to allow the cigar smoke to be pulled properly. Some cigar manufacturers deliberately place various types of tobacco from one end to the other to give smokers cigar various tastes, body, and strength from beginning to end.
The basic types of cigar cutter include:
- Guillotine (straight cut)
- Blows cut off
- V-cut (a.k.a. cut grooves, cat eyes, iris pieces, English snippets)
Exposure
The "head" of the cigar is usually the tip closest to the cigar band, the other being the "leg". The band identifies the cigar type and may be removed or left. Smokers cut or pierced caps before lighting.
Cigars must be rotated during lighting to achieve even burns while being gently pulled with a soft blow. If a match is used, it should be allowed to burn through its head before it is inserted into the cigar, to avoid imparting unwanted flavors or chemicals to smoke. Many gas lighters and special liquids are made to light a cigar. The tip of the cigar must at least touch the fire, with special care used with matches to avoid grinding tobacco leaves.
The third and most traditional way to light a cigar is to use a cedar flake known as a spill, which is turned on separately before use. A thin cedar bandage from a cigar with one can be used.
Flavor
Each brand and type of cigar has a unique flavor. Whether a light, medium, or full-bodied cigar does not correlate with quality.
Among the factors contributing to the smell and smell of cigar smoke are the types and quality of tobacco used for fillers, binders and wrapping, age and method of aging, moisture, production techniques (handmade and machine-made), and flavor enhancement. Among the wrappers, the darker ones tend to produce sweetness, while the lighter ones usually have a "drier", more neutral flavor.
Evaluating the taste of a cigar in some ways is similar to wine tasting. Journals are available for recording personal ratings, observed flavor descriptions, sizes, brands, etc. Some words used to describe the taste and texture of a cigar include; (black or red), sweet, rough, charred, green, earthy, woody, brown, brown, grilled, old, spicy, creamy, cedar, oak, chewy, fruity, and rough.
Smoke
Smoke is produced by incomplete tobacco combustion for at least three types of chemical reactions: pyrolysis breaks down organic molecules to be simpler, the pyrocytes recombine these newly formed fragments into chemicals that did not originally exist, and distillations propelled nicotine-like compounds from tobacco. into the smoke. For each gram of tobacco smoked, the cigar produces about 120-140 mg of carbon dioxide, 40-60 mg of carbon monoxide, 3-4 mg isoprene, 1 mg each of hydrogen cyanide and acetaldehyde, and a smaller number of large spectra. volatile N -nitrosamine and volatile organic compounds, with unknown detailed composition.
The most smelly chemicals in cigar smoke are pyridine. Along with pyrazine, they are also the most stinging chemicals in the breath of cigar smokers. These substances can be seen even at very low concentrations of several parts per billion. During smoking, it is not known whether these chemicals are produced by splitting the bonds of nicotine chemistry or by Maillard reactions between amino acids and sugars in tobacco.
Cigar smoke is more alkaline than cigarette smoke, and more easily absorbed by the mucous membranes of the mouth, making it easier for smokers to absorb nicotine without having to breathe.
Humidors
The humidity level at which cigars are stored has a significant effect on flavor and even burn. It is believed that the scent of cigars best evolved when stored in relative humidity similar to where tobacco is grown, and in many cases, the cigar is rolled, about 65-70% and the temperature is 18 ° C (64 ° F). Dry cigars become brittle and burn faster when a humid cigar is burning unevenly and picking up a heavy acid taste. Humidors are used to keep the level of moisture evenly distributed. Without one, the cigar will lose moisture and gain moisture around within 2 to 3 days. The interior humidor layer is usually built with three types of wood: Spanish cedar, American (or Canada) red cedar, and the Honduran mahogany. Other materials used to make or coat the humidor are Acrylic, Tin (mainly seen in older early humidors) and Copper, widely used in the 1920-1950s.
Most humidors come with plastic or metal boxes with sponges that serve as humidifiers, although most of the latest version of the acryl polymer. The latter is only filled with distilled water; the first can use propylene glycol and distilled water. Humidifiers, and cigars in them, can be contaminated with bacteria if stored too moist. New technologies using plastic or gel beads that stabilize moisture become widely available.
A new humidor requires spice, after which constant humidity must be maintained. The thicker the cedar layer the better. Many humidors contain an analog or digital hygrometer to help maintain the desired moisture level. There are three types of analogues: metal springs, natural hair, and synthetic hair.
Accessories
A wide variety of cigar accessories are available, in varying quality.
Travel cot
Travel cases protect cigars from direct exposure to elements and minimize potential damage. Most of it comes from the skin that can be expanded or sturdy, even though the coated metal and plastic coatings are found. Some features of cardboard or metal tubes for additional protection.
Tubes
Cigar tubes are used to carry small quantities of cigars, usually one or five, called the number of "fingers" they have. They are usually made of stainless steel, and are used for short durations. Longer, built in humidifier and hygrometer are used.
Holder
The cigar holder, also known as a cigar cigar, is used to store cigars from ashtrays. The term may refer to a small protective tube in which the cigar is retained while smoked, usually used by women.
Health effects
Like other forms of tobacco use, smoking a cigar poses a significant health risk depending on the dose: a greater risk for those who smoke more cigars, smoke longer, or inhale more. A review of 22 studies found that cigar smoking was associated with lung cancer, oral cancer, esophageal cancer, pancreatic cancer, laryngeal cancer, coronary heart disease (CHD), and aortic aneurysm. Among cigar smokers who reported that they did not breathe, the relative risk of death (possibly death) is still very high for mouth, esophageal, and laryngeal cancers.
The dangers of death increase proportionately for use, with smokers one to two cigars per day showing a 2% increase in mortality rates, compared with non-smokers. Health risk statistics that are appropriate for those who smoke less than a day are not established.
The depth of breathing cigar smoke to the lungs appears to be an important determinant of lung cancer risk:
When cigar smokers do not breathe or smoke a few cigars a day, the risks are only slightly above those who never smoked. The risk of lung cancer increases with increasing inhalation and with an increase in the number of cigars smoked per day, but the inhalation effect is stronger than the number of cigars per day. When 5 or more smoked cigars per day and moderate inhalation, the risk of lung cancer from smoking a cigar approached a pack of smokers per day. Because the exposure of lung smoke to cigar smokers increases to approximately the frequency of smoking and the depth of inhalation found in smokers, the difference in lung cancer risk generated by these two behaviors disappears.
Smoking cigars can cause nicotine addiction and cigarette use. For those who inhale and smoke a few cigars a day, health risks are similar to smokers. Cigar smoking can also increase the risk of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease.
The so-called "small cigars" are commonly inhaled and are likely to pose the same health risks as cigarettes, while premium cigars are not commonly smoked or commonly used.
Popularity
The prevalence of cigar smoke varies depending on the location, historical period, and population surveyed. Estimates vary somewhat depending on the survey method. The US is the largest consumer country on the basis of sales by a substantial margin, followed by Germany and the UK. The US and Western Europe account for about 75% of cigar sales worldwide.
United States
From 2000 to 2012, cigar consumption more than doubled in the United States, from slightly more than 6.1 billion in 2000 to more than 13.7 billion in 2012. The use of cigars is the most common among young people. In the National Youth Tobacco Survey 2012 data, the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) estimates that 12.6% of high school students have smoked at least one cigar in the past 30 days. After cigarettes, cigars are the second most commonly used tobacco product among youth and the most commonly used tobacco products among African American high school students. From the CDC National Adult Shot Survey for 2009-2015, data show that the prevalence among adults is highest among 18-24 years (15.9%) followed by 25-44 years (7.2%). From the same survey, the prevalence among men (10.4%) was significantly higher than for women (3.1%) and also among LGBT (12.2%) and heterosexual (6.5%) respondents. The National Survey on Drug Use and Health (2015) shows that 12.5 million Americans (over the age of 12) smoked cigar products in the past month and over 24 million smoked cigar products last year. As reported in other surveys, use is more common among the most frequent among men than women and is more common among African-Americans and Native Americans than among white Americans.
Cuban Cigars
Cuban cigars are rolled from domestic tobacco leaves. Fillers, binders, and wrappers can come from different areas of the island. All cigar production in Cuba is controlled by the Cuban government, and every brand can be rolled out at several different factories in Cuba.
Torcedores are highly respected in Cuban society and culture, and travels around the globe display the art of rolling cigar hand.
Cuba produces handmade cigars and machine-made cigars. Habanos SA and Cubatabaco among them do all the work related to Cuban cigars, including manufacture, quality control, promotion and distribution, and export. All boxes and labels are marked Hecho en Cuba (Spanish for created in Cuba ). Machine-assembled cigars finished by hand adding Hecho a mano, while the handmade cigars fully say Totalmente a mano in the script script, though not all Cuban cigars will include this statement. Because of the perceived status of a Cuban cigar, forgery is somewhat commonplace.
Cigars remain one of Cuba's leading exports. A total of 77 million cigars were exported in 1991, 67 million in 1992, and 57 million in 1993, the decline was due to the loss of most of the wrapping plants in a storm. In 2016 Cuba exported cigars worth $ 445 million worldwide.
United States embargo on Cuba
On February 7, 1962, US President John F. Kennedy imposed a trade embargo on Cuba to impose sanctions on communist government Fidel Castro. According to Pierre Salinger, Kennedy's press secretary, the president ordered him on the night of February 6 to get 1,200 H. Upmann Cuban Cigar brand Petit Upmann. Upon Salinger's arrival with a cigar the following morning, Kennedy signed the executive order imposing the embargo. Richard Goodwin, a White House assistant to President Kennedy and Johnson, revealed in a 2000 New York Times article that in early 1962, JFK told him, "We tried to free the cigars, but the cigarette factory in Tampa objected."
The embargo prevents US citizens from buying Cuban cigars, and American cigar producers import Cuban tobacco. As a result, Cuba lost its main customers to tobacco, and American cigar producers had to find a replacement source of tobacco or get out of business.
After the acquisition of private property in Cuba, many former Cuban cigar producers moved to other countries (especially the Dominican Republic) to continue production. Dominican Republic's tobacco production grows significantly as a result. After the reallocation, most Cuban manufacturers continue to use their known company names, seeds, and harvesting techniques while Cubatabaco, the Cuban state's tobacco monopoly after the Revolution, independently resumed cigar production using the names of previous private companies. As a result, brand names of cigars such as Romeo y Julieta, La Gloria Cubana , Montecristo , and H. Upmann among others is in Cuba and the Dominican Republic. Honduras and Nicaragua are also mass cigar producers. Some Cuban refugees make cigars in the US and advertise them as "Cuban" cigars, using the argument that cigars are made by Cubans.
While Cuban cigars are smuggled into the US and sold at high prices, counterfeiting is rampant. It is said that 95% of Cuban cigars sold in the US are fake. Although Cuban cigars can not be legally imported commercially to the US, the advent of the Internet has made it easier for people in the US to buy online cigars from other countries, especially when shipped without bands. Cuban cigars are openly advertised in some European tourist areas, serving the American market, although it is illegal to advertise tobacco in most parts of Europe.
The easing of the embargo in January 2015 includes provisions allowing imports into the US to alcohol or tobacco at $ 100 per tourist, allowing the import of the law for the first time since the ban. In October 2016, the Federal Government liberalized the restrictions on the number of cigars that the US could bring back to the US for personal use without paying any customs tax. This allows imports of up to 100 cigars (four standard boxes) or $ 800 worth without paying any obligations every 31 days. The above quantity is taxed. Cigars can be consumed in a private or talented manner, but are not sold by an individual, either personal sales to another individual or to a cigar shop or distributor. Commercial sales and ownership of Cuban cigars remain banned.
In popular culture
In the reversal of the depictions of the last few decades, beginning in the 1980s and 1990s major US print media began to display cigars well. The use of cigars is generally framed as a profitable business or trendy habits, not as a health risk. Historical depictions of a rich cigar smoker who often sweats like wearing a hat and a tail suit. Cigars are often smoked to celebrate special occasions, especially the birth of a child, but also graduation, promotion, and other successes. The phrase "close but no cigar" comes from the practice of giving cigars as a reward in a field game that involves a good goal. Cigars in Australia from 2012 are now present with regular pack bands to further curb the Australian smoking population, the band is Drab Brown Pantone 448C and applied on top of the original Cigars Band.
Celebrity Cigar Celebrity of the Year, Awards
In 2013, the English magazine The Spectator officially launched the International Celebrity Cigar Smoker of the Year Award. Since 2015 the event has been sponsored by Snow Queen Vodka.
The first winner, in 2013, is Simon le Bon. In 2014, Arnold Schwarzenegger becomes the second. Jonathan Ross wins in 2015 and Kelsey Grammer in 2016.
See also
- Pressed
- Cabinet selection
- Catador
- Cigar etiquette
- The cigarette maker attacked 1877
- List of cigar brands
- Smoking jacket
Footnote
Further reading
- Edith Abbott, "Employment of Women in Industry: Cigar Making: Its History and Tendency Present," Journal of Political Economy, vol. 15, no. 1 (January 1907), pp.Ã, 1-25. In JSTOR
- Patricia A. Cooper, After Cigar Producers: Men, Women, and Work Culture at American Cigar Factory, 1900-1919. Urbana, IL: University of Illinois Press, 1987.
External links
Source of the article : Wikipedia
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