Jerrold B. Daniels (June 11, 1941 - April 29, 1982) was a CIA Paramilitary Officer in the Special Activities Division working in Laos and Thailand from the early 1960s to early 1980s. He is known for his self-selected CIA call "Hog." In the early 1960s, he was recruited by the CIA as a liaison officer between Hmong General Vang Pao and the CIA. He worked with the Hmong people for the CIA operation in Laos commonly called the "Secret War" because little was known at the time. In 1975, when the communists Pathet Lao and the North Vietnamese Army advanced to the Hmong base in Long Tieng, Daniels arranged Vang Pao air evacuations and more than two thousand officers, soldiers and their families to Thailand. Soon after the departure of Daniels and Vang Pao, thousands more Hmong fled across the Mekong to Thailand, where they lived in refugee camps. From 1975 to 1982 Daniels worked among the Hmong refugees in Thailand who facilitated the resettlement of over 50,000 of them in the United States and other countries.
Video Jerry Daniels
Kehidupan awal
Daniels was born on June 11, 1941 in Palo Alto, California. His parents are Bob and Louise Daniels. He has three brothers: Ronald, Jack, and Kent. The family moved to Helmville, Montana in 1951, where he graduated from Missoula County High School in 1959. When he was 17 years old, Daniels became one of the youngest smokers in Missoula history. He was deployed to fire in Montana, New Mexico, and California.
Maps Jerry Daniels
CIA and Laotian Civil War
In 1960, while Daniels was a smoker, the CIA recruited him as a loadmaster or "kicker" for aerial operations based in Thailand. Kickers often become smokers because they get used to parachutes and jump and survive in rough terrain. Aircraft loaded with cargo, flown to areas accessible only by air, and cargo then "kicked" out of doors and dropped or parachuted to a location on the ground. CIA Assistance for Hmong who live in the Laos mountains, mostly delivered by air. Hmong troops backed the Lao Kingdom government against the communist Pathet Lao rebels and the North Vietnamese Army who supplied troops in South Vietnam through the Ho Chi Minh Line.
In 1960, Daniels enrolled as a student at the University of Montana. He divided the time between classes and worked as a kicker for CIA affiliates in Laos and other countries until 1965 when he was assigned as CIA Junior Case Officer in Laos among Hmong. He graduated from college in 1969, and was later promoted to full Case Officer in Laos.
In 1970, Jerry "Hog" Daniels became Personal Case Officer for General Vang Pao and worked with him in frontline military operations, advising and co-ordinating US material and financial support for the army, comprising mostly Hmong, that Vang Pao order. Daniels is based at the Vang Pao headquarters in Long Tieng, located in a remote mountain valley. The codename for the CIA in Long Tieng and the compound in which CIA personnel work is "Sky," named after the state of Daniels in Montana, "Big Sky Country." The Long Tieng Valley consists mostly of 4,400 feet (1,300 km). m) an airstrip surrounded by Hmong settlements of several thousand people At its peak around 1970, 40 to 50 Laos and US aircraft were stationed at Long Tieng, frequent flights from Thailand carrying ammunition and supplies to 30,000 Vang Pao troops. to this area is through this airstrip. The airstrip handles C130, C47 and C46 aircraft. This airstrip is a secret joint operation between Laos and the United States.
The Paris Peace Accord in 1973 ended the direct US involvement in the Vietnam War and restrictions on US military assistance imposed by the Laotian government have hurt Hmong. The American presence in Long Tieng declined. In April 1975, the United States quickly began transporting Americans and Vietnamese employees out of South Vietnam before the fall of Saigon to the Communist forces. In Laos at the same time, the communist forces are ready to capture Long Tieng. Daniels is the only full-time American in Long Tieng and he arranged the Hmong evacuation from Laos to Thailand from 12-14 May 1975. Daniels and several American civilian pilots evacuated Vang Pao and 2,500 Hmong leaders and their families from Laos to Thailand northeast where they are placed in refugee camps made in haste.
Advocacy Refugee
Daniels accompanied Vang Pao to the Bitterroot Valley near Missoula, Montana (Daniel's hometown) where he was placed on a farm purchased for him by the CIA. Daniels returned to Thailand to help the Hmong refugees cross the Mekong River from Laos in large numbers. The CIA also provides funds to create a refugee camp for Hmong in Ban Vinai. The US government initially opposed the displacement of Hmong refugees in the United States, although 130,000 Vietnamese have been evacuated from South Vietnam and resettled. US officials doubt that Hmomg will be able to adapt to US society and their role in the Vietnam War is little known. To Daniels and several others, the US government has an obligation to Hmong, an ally of the United States during the Vietnam War. Resistance to the Hmong settlement was overcome as a result of advocacy by Daniels, Lionel Rosenblatt, MacAlan Thompson, John Tucker, and others.
Daniels was given the title of Ethnic Affairs Officer to deal with Hmong and other uplanders who fled Laos. He is responsible for the large and complex Hmong screening process to determine their eligibility for resettlement in the United States. Eligibility for resettlement is based on several criteria. Priority is given to those who have close relatives in the US, or have been employees or close associates of the US government and have a credible fear about the persecution if they return to Laos. The Hmong has no written language so the screening is done visually and verbally to determine the status of a person's refugee and eligibility for resettlement. Daniels' position in the Hmong community gave him great personal insights and acquaintances with many Hmong people. Among the cultural and legal issues facing Daniels is the fact that most Hmong couples are not formally married. Wedding ceremonies must be made in order for them to be eligible to be resettled in the US as a family. In addition, many Hmong men have more than one wife. To comply with US law against bigami, a wife must be appointed by husband and other wives to move from household and live separately.
Daniels' work was 53,700 Hmong and other highland Laos populations resettled in the United States between 1975 and 1982. Several thousand also settled in other countries. Also in 1982, another 104,000 Lao refugees, including Hmong, had fled Laos and lived in refugee camps, mostly in Ban Vinai, in Thailand. Many of them will also be resettled for the next 25 years.
Death and rumor
On April 29, 1982, age 40, Daniels died in Bangkok, Thailand. The official report stated that he died of shortness of breath due to a leaky propane water heater in his apartment. The crippled corpse was found in her apartment, said to have been dead for several days. The corpse was declared by the US Embassy to belong to Jerry Daniels. The coffin was sealed with instructions and explicit security to ensure it was not opened. The family was told that Daniels's body was in a coffin but there was no verifiable evidence. After the coffin arrives in Missoula, Hmong is allowed to honor her with a traditional three-day formal Hmong funeral celebration. There has never been a non-Hmong paid that award. Hmong worldwide claimed to have seen Jerry in Laos, the United States, and Europe after the time of his death was proclaimed. Many of the Hmong believe Daniels has been placed in protection and resumed his work.
References
Source of the article : Wikipedia
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