The Heartland Institute is an American conservative and libertarian public policy think tank founded in 1984 and based in Arlington Heights, Illinois, in the northwest suburbs of Chicago. The institute works on issues including education reform, government spending, taxation, health care, education, tobacco policy, global warming, hydraulic fracturing, information technology, and free market environmentalism.
In the 1990s, Heartland Institute worked with tobacco company Philip Morris to question or deny the health risks of passive smoking and lobby smoking bans. In the decade after 2000, Heartland Institute became a major proponent of climate change denial. He rejected the scientific consensus on global warming, and said that policies against it would damage the economy.
Video The Heartland Institute
Histori
The institute was founded in 1984 by Chicago investor David H. Padden, who served as chair of the organization until 1995. Padden has been the director of the Cato Institute, a libertarian think tank based in Washington, DC, since his inception as Charles Koch. Foundation in 1974. Padden is also a former director of Citizens for Sound Economics, the Acton Institute, the Foundation for Economic Education, and the Center for Libertarian Studies. At the age of 26, Joseph L. Bast became Heartland's first employee, and remains the first and only president and chief executive at Heartland. Bast Diane's wife is the director of Heartland publications.
In the 1990s, Heartland worked with tobacco company Philip Morris to question serious cancer risks to passive smokers, and lobbied government regulations on public health. Starting in 2008, Heartland held a conference to question the scientific opinions about global warming.
After the election of US President Barack Obama in November 2008, the Institute was involved with the Tea Party movement. According to the organization's communications director, speaking at the Sixth International Conference on Climate Change in 2011: "Tea Party support across the country is invaluable." Heartland was among the organizers of the September 2009 Tea Party protest march, Taxpayer March in Washington. To support the Tea Party movement, Heartland offers free literature and other help for Tea Party activists, creates the website "www.teapartytoolbox.org", and shares a free book, The Patriot's Toolbox .
Heartland says it has a full-time staff of 29 people, including editors and senior colleagues, as well as 222 unpaid policy advisors. Heartland is a 501 (c) (3) non-profit charity. It reported revenues of $ 4.8 million in 2013.
Maps The Heartland Institute
Policy position
According to the Institute, it supports free market policies. Heartland's policy orientation has been described as conservative, libertarian, and right-wing. The Institute promotes refusal of climate change, advocacy for the rights of smokers, for privatization of public resources including the privatization of schools, for school vouchers, for lower taxes and on subsidies and tax credits for individual businesses, and against an expanded federal role in health care, among other issues. In addition to lobbying activities, Heartland organized an internet application called "Policybot" which serves as a clearinghouse for research from other conservative organizations such as The Heritage Foundation, the American Legislative Exchange Council, and the Cato Institute.
According to the Global Go To Think Tank Index 2017 report, Heartland scored 44 (out of 85) for "The Best Think Tank Network". Tobacco settings
Heartland has long questioned the link between tobacco smoking, passive smoking, and lung cancer and the social costs imposed by smokers. One of Heartland's first campaigns was against tobacco regulations. According to the Los Angeles Times, Heartland's advocacy for the tobacco industry is one of the two most famous things for Heartland.
During the 1990s, the Institute worked with tobacco company Philip Morris to question the link between smoking, passive smoking, and health risks. Philip Morris commissioned Heartland to write and distribute reports. Heartland published a policy study summarizing a report co-authored by the Private Corporate Education Association and Philip Morris. The Institute also undertakes various other activities on behalf of the tobacco industry, including meeting with legislators, holding off-the-record briefings, and producing op-eds, radio interviews and letters.
Philip Morris's internal "Five-Year Plan" in 1993 to address the environmental tobacco smoke regulations that called for support for the Institute's efforts. In 1996, Heartland president and chief executive Joe Bast wrote an essay entitled "Joe Camel is Innocent !," saying that contributions from the tobacco industry to Republican political campaigns are likely because Republicans "have led the war against the use of 'junk science' by Food and Drug Administration and its evil twin, the Environmental Protection Agency. "In" The President's Letter "in the July 1998 issue of The Heartlander Institute magazine Bast writes the essay" Five Lies about Tobacco, "which says" smoking in moderate amounts have little, if any, adverse health effects. " In 1999, Bast referred to an essay in requesting financial support from Philip Morris, writes "Heartland does a lot of things that benefit Philip Morris's bottom line, things no other organization has." An executive Philip Morris, the company's industrial affairs manager, is a member of the Institute's board of directors. In 2005, the Institute opposed Chicago's smoking ban, at a time of one of the strictest restrictions in the country.
Global warming
The Institute opposes the scientific consensus on climate change, claiming that the number of climate change is not catastrophic, claiming that climate change may be beneficial, and that the economic costs of trying to mitigate climate change outweigh its benefits. According to New York Times , Heartland is "the main American organization that encourages climate change skepticism." The Institute has been a member of the Chillers Coalition, a group dedicated to rejecting the science of climate change, since 1997.
In their 2010 book Merchants , Naomi Oreskes and Erik M. Conway wrote that the Institute is known "because of its ongoing question of climate science, for the promotion of 'experts' who have done little, if anything, peer-reviewed climate research, and to sponsor a conference in New York City in 2008 that the scientific community's work on global warming is false. " The Oxford Handbook on Climate Change and Society in chapter" Organized Climate Change Deeds "identifies Heartland as a conservative think tank with a strong interest in the environmental and climate issues involved in climate change rejection. Heartland "emerged as a major force in climate change denial" in the 2003-2013 decade, according to sociology professor Riley Dunlap of Oklahoma State University and professor of political science Peter J. Jacques of the University of Central Florida. The institute staff "recognize that climate change poses a major threat to our economic and social systems and therefore denies its scientific reality," Naomi Klein writes in Changes Everything .
Fred Singer is the director of the Heartland Environmental Science and Policy Project, and Heartland is a member organization of the Cooling Coalition.
"Heartland's impact on national climate policy is at its peak" in March 2017 according to PBS Frontline .
List of Heartland scientists say to cast doubt on global warming
In 2008, the Institute published a list claiming to identify "500 scientists with documented doubts about Man-Made Global Warming". The Sydney Morning Herald reported that the work of Jim Salinger, chief scientist at New Zealand's National Institute of Water and Atmospheric Research, "misrepresented" as part of a "rejection campaign". In response to criticism, the Institute changed the title of the list to "500 scientists whose Research Contrary to Global Warming Global Warming." Heartland did not remove any scientist's name from the list. Avery explains, "Not all of these researchers describe themselves as skeptics of global warming... but the evidence in their study is there for everyone to see." The President of the Institute, Joseph Bast, argues that scientists "have no right - legally or ethically - to demand that their names be removed" from the Heartland list.
The Non-Governmental International Panel on Climate Change and Climate Change Considered
Since 2008, Heartland has published the work of the Nongovernmental International Panel on Climate Change (NIPCC), an international group of scientists analyzing the work of the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change (IPCC) and other published studies, peer-reviewed climate change related. The aggregate work of the NIPCC is known as "Climate Change Considered" and ended, contrary to the IPCC and consensus of the scientific community, that human emissions will not lead to dangerous global warming and climate change.
International Conference on Climate Change
The Heartland confrontation on climate change doubts is one of the things that Heartland best recognizes, according to the Los Angeles Times. Between 2008 and 2015, the Institute has hosted ten International Conferences on Climate Change, bringing together hundreds of global warming skeptics. Conference speakers included Richard Lindzen, a professor of meteorology at MIT; Roy Spencer, a research scientist and climatologist at the University of Alabama in Huntsville; S. Fred Singer, a senior fellow of the Institute and who founded the dean of the School of Environmental and Planetary Sciences at the University of Miami and founding director of the National Weather Satellite Service; Harrison Schmitt, a geologist and former NASA astronaut and Apollo 17 moonwalker; Dr. John Theon, atmospheric scientist and former NASA supervisor; and Wei-Hock "Willie" Soon, a part-time employee of the Surya Division and Stellar Physics (SSP) of the Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics.
In the first conference, participants criticized the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change and Al Gore. In 2010, the BBC reported that the nature of the politicized Heartland conference caused "moderate" climate skeptics to avoid it. In an article in The Nation, the 6th conference was described as "the ultimate meeting for those dedicated to rejecting the overwhelming scientific consensus that human activity is warming the planet". The 7th Conference (May 2012) is the main subject of the October 2012 documentary, Climate of Doubt, by Frontline, the original public television series, in-depth documentary. At the end of the 7th conference, Heartland President Joseph Bast announced that the organization might stop the conference, but the eighth conference was held in Munich, Germany in the same year (November 30 and December 1, 2012). The ninth conference was held during July 2014 in Las Vegas, Nevada. The tenth conference of 2015 was held in Washington DC Speakers and panelists at the 12th conference of 2017 including Bast, Soon, Christopher Monckton, professor of marketing J. Scott Armstrong, retired astronaut Walter Cunningham, policy analyst Indur M. Goklany, physicist William Happer, geology Don Easterbrook, and US Representative Lamar S. Smith (R-TX), chairman of the Board of Science, Space, and the Technology Committee.
May 2012 "Unabomber" billboard campaign
On May 4, 2012, Heartland launched a digital billboard advertising campaign in the Chicago area featuring a photo of Ted Kaczynski, "Unabomber" whose letter bomb killed three people and injured 23 others, posing the question, "I still believe in global warming, Are you? " The Institute planned a campaign to showcase the murderer Charles Manson, communist leader Fidel Castro and possibly Osama bin Laden, asking the same question. The Institute justifies billboards that say "the most important supporters of global warming are not scientists - they are murderers, tyrants, and madmen."
The billboard was reportedly "issued a social media campaign, including a petition from advocacy group Forecast the Facts that asked Heartland supporters to withdraw their funding immediately," and encouraged Rep. James Sensenbrenner Jr. (R-Wis.) To threaten. to cancel his speech at the forthcoming seventh International Conference on Climate Change organized by Heartland. (Sensenbrenner finally spoke at the conference.) In 24 hours Heartland canceled the campaign, even though his president refused to apologize. The advertising campaign led to the resignation of two of the board's 12 Board members, and the resignation of almost all of Heartland's Washington D.C. offices, taking the Institute's largest project (on insurance) with it. Staff from the former Heartland insurance project set up the R Street Institute and announced they "will not promote climate change skepticism."
After leaked documents of 2012 and a controversial billboard campaign, substantial funding was lost as corporate donors, including the General Motors Foundation, attempted to secede from the Institute. According to Forecast the Facts advocacy group, Heartland lost more than $ 825,000, or a third of the company's fundraising planned for this year. This shortage led to sponsorship of the May 2012 climate conference by the Illinois coal lobby, the Illinois Coal Association, the Institute, "the first publicly-recognized contribution of the coal industry," and the Warisan Foundation. The billboard controversy led to the loss of large corporate funding, including AT & amp; T, financial services company BB & amp; T, Diageo alcoholic beverage company and about two dozen insurance companies, including State Farm and the United Services Automobile Association. Amgen pharmaceutical companies, Eli Lilly, Bayer and GlaxoSmithKline terminate financial support. Heartland May, 2012 climate conference is smaller than in previous years.
October 2012 revocation of mandate on renewable energy
The Institute wrote a model of legislation to revoke mandates on renewable energy, such as solar and wind power, and presented a model of legislation to the American Legislative Exchange Council (ALEC), a non-profit organization of conservative state legislators and private sector representatives who drafted and distributed legal models the state level for distribution among state governments in the United States. The board of directors of ALEC adopted the model of legislation in October 2012.
June 2013 Chinese Academy of Sciences
In 2013, the Chinese Academy of Sciences publishes a report from the Institute to better understand public debates and encourage discussion of other views. The introduction includes a notion that the Academy does not support the views in the report, but in June, the Institute announced that the Chinese Academy of Sciences supports their views, and said the publication places significant scientific weight on climate change. The Chinese Academy of Sciences, responding to the announcement, said "The Heartland Institute's claims about CAS's support for its report are completely wrong," explaining that they did not support the Institute's view, and asked for a retraction.
April 2015 Vatican Council on climate change
On April 28, 2015, the Catholic Church convened a council to discuss the religious implications of global warming. Held at the Vatican and hosted by the Vatican's Pontifical Academy, attended by the Secretary-General of the United Nations, as well as national presidents, CEOs, academics, scientists and representatives of the world's major religions. The Institute sent a delegation in an effort to present a different opinion. It held a "prebuttal" of the conference and argued that climate science does not justify the pope's recognition from the UN Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change.
After the board ends, a representative (Marc Morano) from the Institute goes into a press conference given by Secretary General Ban Ki-moon, who reports on his meeting with the Pope. He interrupted the Secretary-General and the moderator, requesting that global warming skeptics be allowed to speak. After a few minutes, he was escorted from the venue by Vatican officials. In response to the papal encyclical "Laudato Si", which underscores the Church's moral case for addressing climate change, and in anticipation of Pope Francis's visit in September 2015 to the United States, Gene Koprowski, director of marketing for the Institute, suggested that the Pope's Statement on Climate Change that "pagan forms will return to the Church today."
Education Transformation Center
In March 2017, the Institute's Transformation Education Center program initiated the sending of unsolicited mail from the Institute's book Why the Disagreeing Scientists About Global Warming and the companion DVD for all 200,000 K-12 science teachers in the US, with a letter applications that provide links to online course planning guides. The material is not science and is meant to confuse teachers, according to the National Center for Science Education.
Budget
The Institute is the current federal, state, and local budget critic and tax code. Some of the Institut's budget views include privatizing federal services to competitive markets, changing the tax code to a simpler version of the current code, and applying the Taxpayer Savings Grant.
In 1987, the Institute advocated tenant ownership of a public housing complex of Cabrini-Green Homes Chicago through a co-operative or condo conversion. In 1990, the Institute advocated lower taxes in Illinois to encourage job growth.
The Institute advocated the privatization of toll road toll systems in Illinois in 1999 and 2000. In 2008, the Institute opposed state subsidies and tax credits for local film production, saying that the economic benefits were less than incentives.
Education
The Institute supports the increasing availability of public charter schools, educational tax credits for private school attendance, and vouchers for low-income students to attend their chosen family or private K-12 schools as well as Parent Trigger reforms that begin in California. The Institute supports the introduction of market reform into the K-12 public education system to increase competition and provide more choices and greater choices for parents and their children.
In 1994, the Institute criticized the efforts of Chicago Public School reform and advocated the privatization of public schools and school vouchers.
In 2014, the Institute publishes the Award: How to Use Gifts to Help Kids Learn - and Why Teachers Do not Use It Well was co-written by Heartland president Joseph Bast, who argues that the public education system should embrace incentives and awards to spur student achievement.
Health Care
The Institute advocates free market reforms in health care and opposes federal control over the health care industry. Heartland supports Health Savings Accounts (HSAs), replacing federal tax cuts for employer-based healthcare with refundable tax credits to allow individual choices on health insurance, removing state and federal health regulations aimed at healthcare providers and consumers, and reducing litigation costs which is associated with malpractice clothing.
In 2010 Heartland published a 66-page, The Obamacare Disaster , by Peter Ferrara, who opposed Patient Protection and Affordable Treatment Laws.
By 2015, the institute proposes a brief amicus curiae to support applicants at King v. Burwell, the Supreme Court case that challenges income tax subsidies for those who enroll in health insurance under Patient Protection and Affordable Care Act through federal as opposed to state health insurance exchanges.
Hydraulic breakage
The Institute advocates for hydraulic fracturing (aka "fracking"), a good stimulation technique in which rocks are cracked by a pressurized liquid, publish an essay to support fracking in national newspapers. On March 20, 2015, the Heartland science director defended a hydraulic fracture in the program < i> Your World With Neil Cavuto on Fox News.
Funding
The Institute no longer discloses its funding sources, stating that it has terminated the donor transparency practice after experiencing organized harassment from its donors. According to the brochure Heartland receives money from around 5,000 individuals and organizations, and none of the corporate entities contribute more than 5% of the operating budget, although the individual donor rate can be much higher, with an anonymous donor providing $ 4.6 million in 2008, and $ 979,000 in 2011, accounting for 20% of Heartland's overall budget, according to a leaked fundraising plan. Heartland stated that he did not receive government funds and did not conduct contract research for special interest groups.
Oil and gas companies have contributed to the Institute, including $ 736,500 from ExxonMobil between 1998 and 2005. Greenpeace reports that Heartland received nearly $ 800,000 from ExxonMobil. In 2008, ExxonMobil said it would stop funding for groups skeptical of climate warming, including Heartland. Joseph Bast, president of the Institute, believes that ExxonMobil is only distancing itself from Heartland for fear of its public image.
The Institute has also received funding and support from tobacco companies Philip Morris, Altria and Reynolds American, and pharmaceutical industry companies GlaxoSmithKline, Pfizer and Eli Lilly. State Farm Insurance, USAA and Diageo are former supporters. The Independent reports that Heartland's donation receipts from Exxon and Philip Morris show "a direct connection... between anti-global warming skeptics is funded by the oil industry and opponents of scientific evidence suggesting that passive smoking can harm human health. "The Institute opposes passive smoking laws as violating personal freedom and the rights of bar owners and other companies.
In 2006, the Walton Family Foundation has contributed approximately $ 300,000 to Heartland. The Institute publishes an op-ed at the Louisville Courier-Journal that defends Wal-Mart against criticism over the treatment of workers. The Walton Family Foundation donation was not disclosed in the open, and the editor of Courier-Journal stated that he was unaware of his relationship and probably would not publish an op-ed he knew about it. The St. The St. Petersburg Times described the Institute as "Wal-Mart's very energetic defense." Heartland stated that the author was not "paid to defend Wal-Mart" and did not receive funds from the company; it does not reveal about $ 300,000 received from the Walton Family Foundation.
In 2010, MediaTransparency said that Heartland received funding from a conservative political foundation such as the Castle Rock Foundation, the Sarah Scaife Foundation, the John M. Olin Foundation, and Lynde and the Harry Bradley Foundation. Between 2002 and 2010, Donors Trust, a donor sponsored nonprofit fund, awarded $ 13.5 million to the Institute. In 2011, the Institute received $ 25,000 from the Charles G. Koch Charitable Foundation. The Charles Koch Foundation states that his contribution is "$ 25,000 for the Heartland Institute in 2011 for research in health care, not climate change, and this is the first and only contribution the Foundation has given to the institute in more than a decade."
In 2012, a large number of sponsors withdrew funds due to leakage of their climate change strategy and controversy over their billboard campaigns. The Institute lost about $ 825,000, or a third of the company's fundraising planned for this year.
According to audited company financial statements for 2014 and 2015, about 27% and 19% of revenues, each from an unidentified single donor. incident incidents
2012
On February 14, 2012, DeSmogBlog's global warming blog publishes more than a hundred pages of Heartland documents that are said to have originated from the Institute. Heartland acknowledged that some internal documents had been stolen, but said that one, "Climate Strategy memo", forged to discredit Heartland.
The initial documents were anonymously sourced, but later found to have been obtained by climate scientist Peter Gleick. Documents include fundraising plans, board meetings and organization budget 2012. The documents were analyzed by major media, including The Guardian, The United States Press International and Associated Press. Donors to the Institute include the Charles G. Koch Charitable Foundation, Microsoft, General Motors, Comcast, Reynolds American, Philip Morris, Amgen, Bayer, GlaxoSmithKline, Pfizer and Eli Lilly, liquor companies, and anonymous donors who have provided $ 13 million over five last year.
Documents contain payment details to support their climate and program skeptics, the founders of the Center for Carbon Dioxide Studies and Craig Idso Global Change ($ 11,600 per month), physicist Fred Singer ($ 5,000 plus monthly fee), geologist Robert M. Carter ($ 1,667 per month) and $ 90,000 for bloggers and former meteorologist Anthony Watts. The documents also reveal the Institute's plans to develop curriculum materials to be provided to teachers in the United States to promote climate skepticism, plans confirmed by the Associated Press. The documents also reveal Heartland's $ 612,000 plan to support the Wisconsin Act 10 and to influence Wisconsin's recall election called "Operation Angry Badger." Carter and Watts confirm receipt of payment.
Some environmental organizations asked General Motors and Microsoft to cut their relationship with Heartland. Climate scientists called on Heartland to "recognize how its attacks on science and scientists have poisoned the debate on climate change policy."
Gleick describes his actions in getting those documents as "a serious mistake in my judgment and ethics and professionals" and said that he "deeply regrets his own actions in this case". He stated that "my judgment was blinded by my frustration with ongoing efforts - often anonymous, well-funded, and coordinated - to attack climate science and scientists and prevent this debate, and by the lack of transparency of the organizations involved." On February 24 he wrote to the board of the Pacific Institute requesting "temporary short-term leave" from the Institute. The Board of Directors stated that they were "deeply concerned about the recent events" involving Gleick and Heartland documents, and appointed the new Acting Executive Director on 27 February. Gleick was later returned to the Pacific Institute after an investigation found that Gleick had not fabricated any documents. , and he apologizes for using fraud to get the document.
Publications
- Periodical
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