The US state of Oregon has various policies that limit the production, sale, and use of different substances. In 2006, Oregon's per capita drug use exceeded the national average. The most widely used substances are marijuana, methamphetamine, and prohibited pain relievers and stimulants.
Video Drug policy of Oregon
Specific drugs
Alcohol
The Oregon people consume beer and flute in average quantities, and the wine count is above average. In 2007, alcohol consumption continued to rise, while beer consumption remained stable. Also, 11% of the beer sold in Oregon is brewed in the state, the highest number in the United States.
Oregon was the first place in the United States to ban alcohol, before becoming a US state in the mid-19th century. The law was quickly revoked, but Oregon again preceded other parts of the country by banning alcohol, passing legislation several years before a federal ban came into effect with the Eighteen Amendment to the United States Constitution. Following the lifting of the ban in 1933, Oregon acted swiftly to regulate alcohol, establishing the Oregon Liquor Control Committee (OLCC) within days of the revocation. OLCC continues to regulate alcohol in the country today.
Cannabis
From 1999 to 2005, the Oregon population ratio used marijuana over the general US population of 32-45%, with between 6.53% (2000) and 8.96% (2002) of the population using it. In 2003-2004, Oregon entered in the top five states for marijuana use in people 12 and older. Oregon is also one of the largest producing countries of marijuana, ranked fourth in indoor production, and 10 overall in 2006.
In 1973, Oregon became the first state in the US to decriminalize the possession of a small amount of marijuana, and in 1998 the state legalized its use for medical purposes. Attempts to criminalize small holdings of marijuana were rejected by Oregon voters in 1997. In June 2010, Oregon became the first state in the country to reclassify marijuana from drug Schedule I to drug Schedule II when the Oregon Board of Pharmacy voted for reclassification.
Drug club
In Oregon, MDMA (3,4-methylenedioxymethamphetamine), GHB (gamma-hydroxybutyrate), ketamine, and LSD (lysergic acid diethylamide) are available in varying amounts and are commonly used in social venues in more populous areas and on campus -campus. Drug clubs enter Oregon from various sources: MDMA from Canada, ketamine from Mexico, and GHB and LSD from California. Laboratory seizures show some local GHB and LSD production. GHB is also obtained from Internet sources. PCP and Psilocybin fungi are generally available in and around towns with student populations.
Cocaine
Cocaine is available throughout Oregon, and crack cocaine is available in some urban areas. Mexican merchants dominate wholesale distribution, drug transport from Mexico, California, and other southwestern states. The retail amount is mainly sold by Mexican drug trafficking organizations, street gangs, prison gangs, and local independent dealers. In 2007, 63.7 pounds of cocaine was confiscated by federal authorities, up from 36.4 pounds in 2006.
Heroin
In the 1990s, powerful and inexpensive heroin became widely available in Portland; the use of heroin in Multnomah County rose 600% over the decade.
According to police, in 2008, heroin became more numerous in Oregon in response to a crackdown on methamphetamine. In 2007, 115 heroin overdoses resulted in death, up 29% from 2006. In 2012 heroin is responsible for 147 deaths, and the leading cause of death overdose in the state. The number of deaths was well below the highest figure in the late 1990s. Most deaths are the result of users misinterpreting their tolerance. Heroin is very deadly because it depresses the central nervous system, unlike cocaine and meth which is a stimulant.
In Oregon, heroin black tar originated from Mexico to the Interstate 5 corridor. In 2007, 19 pounds of heroin were confiscated by federal authorities, more than double the amount in 2006.
Methamphetamine
Since its arrival in the early 1980s, the use of methamphetamine in Oregon has become a serious public health problem. Methamphetamine abuse (commonly known as "meth crystals" or simply "meth") has spread throughout the state and the rest of the United States. This issue has been the focus of media organizations in the state, and has been the focus of several political campaigns, including the elected Attorney General John Kroger in 2008, and voting measures such as Size 57 and 61 in the same year.
In 2005, Governor Ted Kulongoski signed a law making Oregon the first state to request cold prescription drugs containing pseudoephedrine, one of the main ingredients used to make methamphetamine. Previous countries require buyers to show IDs and sign notes when buying cold medicines such as Sudafed and Claritin D. The intent of the law is to reduce the number of methamphetamine laboratories at home. Piracy of Oregon's monthly home medicine laboratory dropped from 41 to nine after the restrictions imposed, but the drugs were still available, coming from Mexican laboratories and from other states. Meth-related deaths declined for the first time since 2001, when 2007 deaths decreased 21% from 2006 deaths.
In 2007, 33 pounds of meth were confiscated by federal authorities, down from £ 101.6 in 2006.
Prescription drugs
The illegal use of prescription drugs is the fastest growing category of illegal drug use. The acceptance of treatment for illegal prescription drugs increased 332% from 1998 to 2008, exceeding cocaine acceptance in 2005. In the United States, the main method of transferring legitimate drugs is illegal expenditure and prescriptions by doctors, illegal distribution by pharmacists, counterfeit recipes, doctor shopping, and drug theft from pharmacies, nursing homes, and hospitals. Pharmaceutical robberies are frequent throughout the state and Rescue Investigators have also discovered drugs that have been purchased over the internet without a doctor's prescription. The use and sale of oxycodone (OxyContin, Percocet, Percodan), hydrocodone (Vicodin, Lortab), and anabolic steroids are of concern to the Drug Enforcement Administration. Also, in January 2008, the use of methadone has increased dramatically in the state.
Tobacco
The Oregon Tobacco Prevention and Education Program (TPEP) was launched in 1997 to "reduce tobacco-related illness and death" by reducing exposure to passive smoking, counteracting pro-tobacco effects, helping users quit smoking, and eliminating health disparities. The current tax on a pack of cigarettes is $ 1.18, and the wholesale tax for other tobacco products is 65%. House Bill 2122 will raise cigarette taxes by $ 0.60, and wholesale taxes to 95%.
Smoking in bars and similar businesses is prohibited in Oregon as the law in force in January 2009 (SB 571 of the legislature 2007.) By the end of the first decade of the 21st century, the tobacco lobby has funded many Oregon Republic Republican legislative caucuses.
Maps Drug policy of Oregon
Usage
In 2008, academic researchers began studying wastewater at Oregon waste mills, to evaluate drug use from different communities. Their research is pioneering fields in the United States, although similar research has been conducted in Europe. Each one sample, taken from 96 plants, contains methamphetamine; Cocaine is present in 80% of samples, MDMA at 40%. research is underway, and will evaluate several crops - along with plants in Washington - over time.
Penalty
Heroin, LSD, peyote, mescaline, and psilocybin are drug Schedule I, and with the exception of marijuana their manufacture or distribution is a class A crime that carries a maximum of 20 years in prison. Opium, cocaine, amphetamine, and methamphetamine are Gol II medicines, whose manufacture or distribution is class B felony, and can carry up to 10 years' penalty. However, Oregon uses a criminal "network block" system to punish almost all crimes including all drug offenses considering the crime rate and criminal history of the accused. In fact, the sentence charged in the case of drug delivery is far less than 20 or 10 years, although class A or B felonies. Cases of manufacturing and distribution involving enormous amounts of drugs are often passed on to the US Attorney. Under federal guidelines, sentences may take longer, exceeding 20 years in some cases. Dealing with more than four ounces of marijuana is also a Class B. Depressed crime, and PCP is a drug Schedule III, and various prescription drugs are Schedule II. Sales and distribution of drugs Schedule III and IV carry lesser sentences than those associated with Schedule I and II.
The penalties for the sale of controlled substances vary across countries. In Oregon, a person who was sentenced to three times selling 3.3 pounds of meth will face a maximum sentence of four years in prison. In comparison, the potential punishment would be 13 years in California, 21 years in federal court, and live in Texas. Former Oregon lawmaker Kevin Mannix wants to increase the punishment, saying the country "invites" criminal drug activity "by being passive." Mannix put the citizen initiative in the November 2008 ballot, Measure 61. Its size was defeated, while the cheaper measure was referred by the legislature, Measuring 57, graduating. Mannix opponents argue that the increase in the minimum penalty is obligatory to wipe out the court's discretion and send small dealers to prisons costly than drug treatments.
References
Source of the article : Wikipedia
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