Ventilation is part of the structural fire fighting tactic, and involves the expulsion of heat and smoke from a burning building, allowing firefighters to locate trapped individuals easily and safely and attack the fire. If a large fire is not well-ventilated, it will not only be much harder to fight, but it can also produce a burning smoke bad enough to create a smoke or heat explosion sufficient to create a flashover. Conversely, poor placement or inefficient ventilation can increase the supply of fire air, causing it to grow and spread rapidly. Flashover can cause indoor temperatures to peak at more than 1,000 ° C (1,830 ° F).
Video Ventilation (firefighting)
Type of ventilation
In general, there are two types of ventilation; vertical and horizontal . Their names refer to the general location of the intended exit point of heat and smoke that must be ventilated. Vertical ventilation takes place through a hole cut in the roof, usually by the trucking company during the initial stages of a fire in a process known collectively as the roof operation , while horizontal ventilation usually occurs through doors and windows. Their respective objectives are to clean heat and smoke to increase survival opportunities for trapped residents, and/or for the water line to advance into the structure, to more effectively fight the fire. While their goals are similar, their applications are different, but both require good timing and coordination so that increased airflow through the structure does not contribute to the spread of fire.
Maps Ventilation (firefighting)
Method
The mechanical fan can be used to provide positive pressure ventilation when used in conjunction with existing openings such as windows, skylights or hot/smoke vents on the roof; or by cutting off new exhaust ventilation in the building. If there are no suitable holes, firefighters can use their equipment to create one, such as a special saw to cut a large hole in the roof. A conical hose stream directed to an opening - a window or door, etc. - withstand smoke and thus increase the level of smoke from space. This is a process called "hydraulic ventilation". This strategy may be used when small fires and protect property from damage to smoke can be achieved safely. It can also be used more aggressively when the structure is "fully engaged" and smoke blocks the nozzleman's view of hotspots.
High-rise buildings sometimes also combine fans to generate positive pressure on the stairs and elevator pits to reduce smoke infiltration into the spaces.
When the glass windows in the burning structure burst from internal pressure and heat, or fire burning through the roof, it can be said to have "self-ventilated" or "self-ventilated."
See also
- Glossary of the term firefighter
References
External links
- Basics of Ventilation
- Positive Pressure Ventilation
- UT/Austin Fire Department Positive Pressure Ventilation
- Fire Behavior and Ventilation Resources
Source of the article : Wikipedia
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