Hannibal Hamlin (August 27, 1809 - July 4, 1891) is an American lawyer and politician from the state of Maine. In a career of public service spanning more than 50 years, he is most prominent because he has served as the 15th Vice President of the United States. The first republican to hold the post, Hamlin served from 1861 to 1865. He was considered the most influential politician who came from Maine.
Originally from Paris, Maine, Hamlin manages his father's farm before becoming a newspaper editor. He studied law, was admitted to the bar in 1833, and started practicing in Hampden, Maine. Originally a Democrat, Hamlin began his political career with elections to the Maine House of Representatives in 1835 and the appointment to the military staff of the Governor of Maine. As an officer in the militia, he participated in the 1839 negotiations that helped end the Aroostook War. In the 1840s Hamlin was elected and served in the United States House of Representatives. In 1848 the state house elected him to the United States Senate, where he served until January 1857. He served as governor for six weeks in early 1857, after which he returned to the Senate. Hamlin is an active enemy of slavery; he supported Wilmot Proviso and opposed the Compromise Measures of 1850. In 1854, he strongly opposed the passing of the Kansas-Nebraska Act. Hamlin's increasingly anti-slavery outlook led him to leave the Democratic Party for the newly formed Republic in 1856.
In 1860 Hamlin was a Republican candidate for the Vice President; Chosen to run with Abraham Lincoln, originally from Illinois, Hamlin was chosen to bring geographical balance to the ticket and partly because as a former Democrat he could work to convince other Democratic anti-slavery that their future is in the hands of the Republicans. Party. Lincoln and Hamlin tickets succeeded, and Hamlin served as Vice President from 1861 to 1865, which included the majority of the American Civil War. First Vice President of the Republic Hamlin served office in an era when the office was considered more as part of the legislative branch than the executive; he was not personally close to Lincoln and did not play a major role in his government. Nevertheless, Hamlin supported the government legislative program in his role as Senate chairman, and he sought other ways to show his support for the Union, including tenure in the Maine militia unit during the war.
For the election of 1864, Hamlin was replaced as a candidate for Vice President by Andrew Johnson, a South Democrat chosen for his appeal to Southern Unionists. After leaving the post of vice president, Hamlin served as Boston Harbor Collector, a favorable post he appointed by Johnson after the latter succeeded in becoming president after the Lincoln assassination. However, Hamlin later resigned as Collector because of his disagreement with Johnson on the former Confederate Reconstruction.
In 1869, Hamlin was re-elected to the US Senate, and he served two periods. After leaving the Senate in 1881, he served as US Ambassador to Spain before returning to Maine in late 1882. At retirement, Hamlin was a resident of Bangor, Maine, where he died in 1891. He was buried at Mount Hope Cemetery in Bangor.
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Hamlin was born from Cyrus Hamlin and his wife Anna, nÃÆ' Â © e Livermore, in Paris (in modern Maine, then part of Massachusetts). He is the descendant of the sixth generation of the British colonizers, James Hamlin, who had settled in the Massachusetts Bay Colony in 1639. He is the grandson of US Senator Samuel Livermore II of New Hampshire.
Hamlin attends school district and Hebron Academy and then manages his father's farm. From 1827 to 1830 he published the Oxford Jeffersonian newspaper partnered with Horatio King.
He studied law with a company headed by Samuel Fessenden, treated in a bar in 1833, and started practicing in Hampden, Maine, where he lived until 1848.
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Personal life
Hamlin married Sarah Jane Emery from Paris Hill in 1833. Her father was Stephen Emery, who was appointed as Attorney General of Maine in 1839-1840. Hamlin and Sarah have four children: George, Charles, Cyrus, and Sarah.
His wife died in 1855. The following year, Hamlin married his half-brother, Ellen Vesta Emery in 1856. They had two children: Hannibal E. and Frank. Ellen Hamlin died in 1925.
Political start
Hamlin's political career began in 1835, when he was elected at the Maine House of Representatives. Appointed Major on the staff of Governor John Fairfield, he served with militia in the bloodless Aroostook War of 1839. He facilitated negotiations between Fairfield and Lieutenant Governor John Harvey of New Brunswick, which helped reduce tensions and allowed the Webster-Ashburton Treaty, which ended the war.
Hamlin failed to run for the United States House of Representatives in 1840 and left the State Building in 1841. He was later elected to two terms in the United States House of Representatives, serving from 1843 to 1847. He was elected by the state legislature to fill the US Senate vacancy in 1848, and for the full term in 1851. A Democrat earlier in his career, Hamlin supported Franklin Pierce's candidacy in 1852.
Since the beginning of his time in Congress, Hamlin stands out as an opponent of an extension of slavery. He was a prominent supporter of Wilmot Proviso and spoke against the Compromise Measures of 1850. In 1854, Hamlin strongly opposed the passing of the Kansas-Nebraska Act, which repealed the Missouri Compromise. After the Democrat Party supported the abrogation in 1856 of the Democratic National Convention, on 12 June 1856, he withdrew from the Democratic Party and joined the newly organized Republican Party, causing a national sensation.
Republicans nominated Hamlin for the governor of Maine in the same year. He brought elections by a large majority and was inaugurated on 8 January 1857. In late February 1857, he resigned as governor. He returned to the United States Senate, serving from 1857 until January 1861.
Vice presidency
Hamlin was nominated by Republicans to serve as US Vice President in the 1860 presidential election on tickets with former Representative Abraham Lincoln. Given Lincoln is from Illinois, the lead vice president of Maine makes sense in terms of regional balance. As a former Democrat, Hamlin can also be expected to try to persuade other anti-slavery Democrats who join the Republican Party is the only way to ensure slavery death.
Hamlin and Lincoln are not close personally, but have a good working relationship. At that time, the Vice-President was considered part of the legislative branch in his role as President of the Senate, and therefore did not attend the cabinet meeting; thus, Hamlin does not regularly visit the White House. It is said that Mary Todd Lincoln and Hamlin did not like each other. For his part, Hamlin complained, "I'm just the fifth wheel of a coach and can do little for my friends."
He had little influence in the Lincoln Administration, though he urged both the Emancipation Proclamation and the arming of Black Americans. He strongly supported the appointment of Joseph Hooker as commander of the Potomac Army, which ended in failure at the Battle of Chancellorsville.
Beginning in 1860, Hamlin was a member of Company A of the Maine State Guard, a militia unit. When the company was summoned in the summer of 1864, Hamlin was told that because of his position as Vice President, he did not have to participate in the gathering. He chooses to serve, arguing that he can set an example by performing the duties expected of every citizen, and the only concession made because his office is that he works with the officers. He reported to Fort McClary in July, initially taking part in routine duties including guard duty, and then taking over as a cooking company. He was promoted to a corporal during his ministry, and went to school with the rest of his unit in mid-September.
In June 1864, Republicans and Democrats joined forces to form the National Party Party. Although Lincoln has been re-nominated, the Tennessee Andrew Johnson Democratic Democrats are named to replace Hamlin as a life companion of Lincoln. Lincoln sought to broaden its support base and also looked forward to the Southern Reconstruction, where Johnson had proven himself adept as a military governor who occupied Tennessee. Hamlin, on the other hand, is an ally of the Northern Radical Republicans (who will later indict Johnson). Lincoln and Johnson were elected in November 1864, and Hamlin's term ended on March 4, 1865.
After leaving the post of vice president, Hamlin serves briefly as Boston Harbor Collector. Appointed for the post by Johnson, Hamlin resigned in protest at Johnson's Reconstruction policy and accompanied efforts to build a loyal political followers after he had been opposed by Republicans. Republicans had supported Johnson as part of National Union tickets during the war, but opposed him after he became President and his position on Reconstruction deviated from them.
Although Hamlin almost became President, his vice president will usher in half a century of sustained national influence for the Republicans of Maine. In the period 1861-1911, Maine Republicans occupied the office of Vice President, Minister of Finance (twice), Secretary of State, President for the US Senate, Chairman of the United States Representative Council (twice), and would place a presidential candidate at James G. Blaine , the level of influence in national politics unmatched by the next Maine political delegation.
Next life
Unsatisfied with personal life, Hamlin returned to the US Senate in 1869 to serve two 6-year terms before refusing to run for re-election in 1880 because of a sick heart. His final assignment as a public servant came in 1881 when Secretary of State James G. Blaine convinced President James A. Garfield to refer to Hamlin as US ambassador to Spain. Hamlin accepted the appointment on 30 June 1881, and held the post until 17 October 1882.
On his return from Spain, Hamlin retired from public life to his home in Bangor, Maine, which he bought in 1851. Hannibal Hamlin's house - as it is known today - is located in central Bangor on 15th 5th Street; combining Victorian, Italian and Mansard-style architecture, the mansion was attached to the National Register of Historic Places in 1979.
Hamlin was elected a Third Class Assistant of the Military Order of the Loyal Legion of the United States. The Third Class is a MOLLUS division that is created to recognize civilians who have contributed exceptional service to the Union during the war.
Death
On Independence Day, July 4, 1891, Hamlin collapsed and collapsed while playing a card at the Tarratine Club he founded in downtown Bangor. He was then placed on one of the club's couches and died several hours later. He is 81 years old. The sofa was kept in the Bangor Public Library. Hannibal Hamlin is buried in the Hamlin family plot at Mount Hope Cemetery in Bangor, Maine.
Family
Hamlin has four sons growing up to adulthood: Charles Hamlin, Cyrus Hamlin, Hannibal Emery, and Frank Hamlin. Charles and Cyrus served Union forces during the Civil War, both became generals, Charles with a brevet. Cyrus was among the first Union officers to debate the entry of black troops, and himself led a freedmen brigade in the Mississippi River campaign. Charles and Sarah's sister were present at Ford's Theater on the night of Lincoln's murder. Hannibal Emery Hamlin was Attorney General of Maine from 1905 to 1908. Hannibal Hamlin's granddaughter, Sally Hamlin, was a small actor who made numerous recording of spoken words to the Victor Talking Machine Company in the early years of the 20th century.
Hannibal's older brother, Elijah Livermore Hamlin, is president of Mutual Fire Insurance Co. of Bangor, and Bangor Institute for Savings. He had two failed candidates for the Governor of Maine in the late 1840s, though he served as Mayor of Bangor in 1851-52. The brothers were members of various political parties (Hannibal a Democrat, and Elia a Whig) before both became Republicans in the late 1850s.
Hannibal's nephew (Elijah son) Augustus Choate Hamlin is a physician, artist, mineral expert, author, and historian. He was also the Mayor of Bangor in 1877-78, and a founding member of the Bangor Historical Society.
Augustus served as a surgeon at the 2nd Maine Volunteer Infantry Resiment during the Civil War, eventually becoming the US Army Medical Inspector, and then the Surgeon General of Maine. He wrote a book about Andersonville Jail and the Chancellorsville Battle. Hannibal's great nephew Isaiah K. Stetson was chairman of the Maine House of Representatives in 1899-1900, and owns a large company in Bangor that produces and sends logs and ice and manages shipyards and sea trains.
Hannibal's first cousin, Cyrus Hamlin, who graduated from the Bangor Theological Seminary, became a missionary in Turkey, where he founded Robert College. He later became president of Middlebury College in Vermont. His son, A. D. F. Hamlin, Hannibal's former cousin, became a professor of architecture at Columbia University and a prominent architectural historian. There is a biography of Hamlin by his grandson Charles E. Hamlin (published 1899, reprinted in 1971) and by H. Draper Hunt (published 1969).
Awards
Hamlin County, South Dakota is named in his honor, as is Hamlin, Kansas; Hamlin, New York; Hamlin, West Virginia; Hamlin Town; Hamlin Lake in Mason County, Michigan; and, Hamlin, a small village in Maine that borders the US-Canada border with Grand Falls, New Brunswick. There are Hamlin-like statues on the United States Capitol and in public parks (Norumbega Mall) in Bangor, Maine.
There is also a building on the Maine University Campus, in Orono, named Hannibal Hamlin Hall. It was burned in 1945, in a fire that killed two students, but was then rebuilt. Hannibal Hamlin Memorial Library is next to his birthplace in Paris, Maine.
Hamlin's home in Bangor later became the home of the nearby President of Bangor Theological Seminary. It is listed on the National Register of Historic Places, such as the birthplace of Hamlin in Paris, Maine (as part of Paris Hill Historic District).
Hamlin Park in Chicago is named in his honor.
In popular culture
Hamlin appeared briefly in three replacement history articles by Harry Turtledove: The Guns of the South Must and Will , and How Slightly Stays . Fallout 3 features a character named Hannibal Hamlin. He proved to be an admirer of Abraham Lincoln and a former slave who now leads an anti-slavery militia composed of other former slaves.
See also
References
Biography
External links
Source of the article : Wikipedia
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